Zenobia listing in June 1980 |
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| Career | |
|---|---|
| Name: | Zenobia |
| Owner: | Rederi AB Nordö [1] |
| Port of registry: | Sweden [2] |
| Builder: | Kockums Varv AB, Sweden [1] |
| Acquired: | Late 1979 [1] |
| Maiden voyage: | May/June 1980 |
| Identification: | IMO number: 7806087 [3] |
| Fate: | Sank, June 7th 1980 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type: | Challenger-class Roll-on/roll-off ferry |
| Tonnage: | 10,000 GRT [3] |
| Length: | 178 m (584 ft) |
| Beam: | 28 m (92 ft) [3] |
MS Zenobia was a Swedish built Challenger-class RO-RO ferry launched in 1979 that capsized and sank close to Larnaca, Cyprus, in June 1980 on her maiden voyage.[1][4] She now rests on her port side in approximately 42 metres (138 ft) of water and was named as one of The Times top ten wreck diving sites in the world in 2003.[4]
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The Zenobia was built at the Kockums Varv AB shipyard in Sweden and was delivered to her owners Rederi AB Nordö in late 1979.[1] She left Malmo, Sweden on her maiden voyage, bound for Tartous, Syria on 4 May 1980, loaded with 104 lorries with cargo destined for Mediterranean and the Middle East.[2] She passed through the Strait of Gibraltar on 22 May 1980, stopping first at Heraklion, Crete and then to Piraeus, Athens, Greece.[2] On the way to Athens the captain noticed steering problems and the Zenobia began listing to port.[2] Following checks, it was determined the list was caused by excess water that had been pumped into the ballast tanks, this was pumped out and she then departed for her penultimate stop at Larnaca, Cyprus before reaching Syria.[2]
She arrived at Larnaca on 2 June 1980,[1] where the ballast problem had reoccurred, engineers discovered that the computerised pumping system was pumping excess water into the side ballast tanks, making the list progressively worse.[2] On 4 June, the Zenobia was towed out of Larnaca harbour to prevent her becoming an obstruction should the worst happen [2] and was left at anchor roughly 1.5 – 2 km offshore.[2] On 5 June, with the ship listing at around 45° the captain dismissed the engineers and maintenance crew and requests from the captain to return her to Larnaca harbour were denied.[2]
At around 2:30am 7 June 1980, the Zenobia capsized and sank in Larnaca Bay to a depth of roughly 42 metres (138 ft),[2] taking her estimated £200 million worth of cargo with her.[2] According to local legend, the Zenobia's owners never collected the insurance money and no formal investigation has ever been published.[2] Since sinking she has become a popular dive site for visitors to Cyprus and was named one of the world's top ten dive sites by The Times in March 2003.[4]
As a dive site, the Zenobia provides a wide range of challenges to scuba divers, from a fairly simple dive to 16 metres (52 ft) depth along the starboard side of the ship (suitable for newly qualified divers); moving up to a more advanced dive inside the upper car deck; right up to extremely adventurous dives within the lower car deck or the accommodation section (which are only suitable for very experienced divers).
Although all hands were safely taken off the ship before she sank, the lives of four scuba divers have been lost in the intervening years.[5][6] There was also a truckload of animals on board who died when the ship went down; one can still see their bones in one of the wagons on the main deck. There is also a full cargo of eggs that lies on the sea bed (42 mts).
The Zenobia has two sister ships:
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